We may have excellent secondary skills when it comes to reading and navigation, but we'll never reach our destination if we have a map of Detroit. Suppose we're in Chicago, and we use a map to find a particular destination in the city. Here's an example to illustrate the difference between primary and secondary traits. And while the Personality Ethic may benefit our short-term success, in specific circumstances, these are merely secondary, and not primary traits. Some familiar catchphrases are self-validating maxims such as, 'our attitude determines our altitude,' or, 'smiling wins more friends than frowning.' This Personality Ethic approach, offers techniques and quick fixes, that target our pull towards our social image. Covey calls this the "Personality Ethic." The difficulty is that the self-help industry has, for almost a century, catered to this Personality Ethic. He noticed that since the 1920s, the focus had been, on tactical advice about developing personality traits, skills, and positive attitudes. Covey's Own Paradigm ShiftÄuring his studies, Covey researched success literature that spanned more than 200 years. And to change ourselves, our paradigms may need to shift. We may first need to change ourselves before we can alter a situation. To make lasting changes, we need to be aware of basic paradigms that govern how we see the world. The point is that we see things not as they are, but rather how we are, and how we are conditioned to adopt a certain paradigm. Each group believed that they objectively evaluated the pictures. Those who looked at the older lady first, then saw her image in the next drawing. Invariably, the group that initially saw a young woman's picture, see the young woman in the more abstract drawing. This drawing actually contains elements of both the young woman, and the frail older lady. After initial exposure to one of these images, both groups are shown one picture of a more abstract drawing. One group sees a picture of a beautiful young woman, and the other is shown a frail older woman. ![]() Two groups of people are shown two different drawings. Let's look at this experiment as an example. How we see the world dramatically shapes our view of life. Adopting New Habits Requires a Paradigm Shift By providing us with the tools, the only thing that we need to commit to, is progressing along this continuum in a conscious and focused way. He believes that interdependence is the crucial system that governs nature and human life - a 'we' paradigm - where we combine to create something of greater significance. Covey views them as moving us along a Maturity Continuum, from dependence to independence, and finally to the end goal of interdependence. However, these habits are not piecemeal, but rather provide a sequential and integrated approach to developing our effectiveness. We'll briefly examine the habits that make us effective. He hopes that these habits will serve as anchors to provide a sense of purpose, peace of mind, and rewarding relationships. According to him, they're natural laws that have been around forever, and he merely put them in written form. When Covey was asked how he came up with the Seven Habits, he claimed that he didn't. Seven Habits dates back to 1989, but the principles are timeless. in Religious Education from Brigham Young University. Stephen Covey, an American educator, author, and businessman, earned an MBA from Harvard and a Ph.D. ![]() Skill is our how, and motivation, or desire, leads us to action. Knowledge helps us to know what to do, and why we do it. ![]() These habits are consistent character-forming patterns that form the intersection of knowledge, skill, and desire. It provides an inside-out approach to self-improvement, through the conceptualization of habits. The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, argues that who we are, matters more than what we say or do. ![]() Seven is the magic number in Stephen Covey's popular and holistic approach to developing personal and interpersonal effectiveness.
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